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Scientific Name | Serruria fasciflora Salisb. ex Knight |
Higher Classification | Dicotyledons |
Family | PROTEACEAE |
Synonyms | Serruria biglandulosa Schltr., Serruria burmannii R.Br., Serruria knightii Hutch., Serruria pauciflora E.Phillips & Hutch., Serruria subsericea Hutch. |
Common Names | Common Pin Spiderhead (e) |
National Status |
Status and Criteria | Least Concern |
Assessment Date | 2020/06/28 |
Assessor(s) | A.G. Rebelo, H. Mtshali & L. von Staden |
Justification | Serruria fasciflora has a wide range with an extent of occurrence (EOO) of 36 347 km². It is common within its range. The Cape Flats and Agulhas Plains subpopulations have been most heavily transformed. It continues to decline due to ongoing habitat loss and degradation, but does not yet meet or nearly meet any of the criteria for a category of threat and is listed as Least Concern. |
Distribution |
Endemism | South African endemic |
Provincial distribution | Western Cape |
Range | This species is widespread across the flats and mountains of the Western Cape Province, South Africa, where it occurs from Malmesbury to the Outeniqua Mountains. |
Habitat and Ecology |
Major system | Terrestrial |
Major habitats | Hawequas Sandstone Fynbos, Swartland Alluvium Fynbos, Swellendam Silcrete Fynbos, Atlantis Sand Fynbos, Cape Flats Sand Fynbos, Agulhas Sand Fynbos, Breede Sand Fynbos, Albertinia Sand Fynbos, Elim Ferricrete Fynbos, Boland Granite Fynbos, Peninsula Granite Fynbos, Breede Alluvium Fynbos, De Hoop Limestone Fynbos, Swartland Granite Renosterveld, Kogelberg Sandstone Fynbos, Overberg Sandstone Fynbos, North Sonderend Sandstone Fynbos, South Sonderend Sandstone Fynbos, North Langeberg Sandstone Fynbos, South Langeberg Sandstone Fynbos, Potberg Sandstone Fynbos, North Outeniqua Sandstone Fynbos, South Outeniqua Sandstone Fynbos, Peninsula Sandstone Fynbos, Swartland Silcrete Renosterveld, Agulhas Limestone Fynbos |
Description | It grows in sandstone and sand fynbos over a wide variety of habitats. Mature individuals are killed by fires, and only seeds survive. Seeds are released after ripening, and dispersed by ants to their underground nests, where they are protected from predation and fire. It is pollinated by insects. |
Threats |
| About 29% of this species' habitat has been lost to urban development in Cape Town, and to agriculture (fruit and protea orchards) and exotic timber plantations in other parts of its range. Timber plantations are no longer expanding, but sporadic expansion of fruit orchards continue. Much of this habitat loss took place prior to 1960 and predates a three generation time period.
Currently it is threatened by competition from alien invasive plants that are increasing in density in its range, particularly in the Langeberg, Outeniqua, Riviersonderend, and Slanghoek mountains. |
Population |
This species is widespread and common within its habitat. Subpopulations are variable from dense to scattered plants. The population is declining due to habitat loss and degradation, but is not yet in danger of extinction.
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Population trend | Decreasing |
Conservation |
| It is found in the Tokai section of the Table Mountain National Park, Riverlands, Haweqwa, Riviersonderend, Salmonsdam, Heuningberg, De Hoop, Matloth, Boosmansbos, De Hoop, Ruitersbos, Doringrivier and Witfontein nature reserves and Groot Hagelkraal, Brandfontein-Rietfontein and TFDC Armscor private nature reserves. |
Notes |
| Previously this was considered to be many species, namely S. biglandulosa, S. burmannii, S. knightii, S. pauciflora, and S. subsericea, but according to Rourke, 1992 these are all variation within a variable species. Lowlands subpopulations of this species previously regarded as separate species have disappeared from the Cape Flats and West Coast. |
Assessment History |
Taxon assessed |
Status and Criteria |
Citation/Red List version | | Serruria fasciflora Salisb. ex Knight | NT A2c+4c | Raimondo et al. (2009) | |
Bibliography |
Goldblatt, P. and Manning, J.C. 2000. Cape Plants: A conspectus of the Cape Flora of South Africa. Strelitzia 9. National Botanical Institute, Cape Town.
Raimondo, D., von Staden, L., Foden, W., Victor, J.E., Helme, N.A., Turner, R.C., Kamundi, D.A. and Manyama, P.A. 2009. Red List of South African Plants. Strelitzia 25. South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria.
Rebelo, T. 2001. Sasol Proteas: A field guide to the proteas of southern Africa. (2nd ed.). Fernwood Press, Vlaeberg, Cape Town.
Rourke, J.P. 1982. The Proteas of southern Africa. Centaur, Johannesburg.
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Citation |
| Rebelo, A.G., Mtshali, H. & von Staden, L. 2020. Serruria fasciflora Salisb. ex Knight. National Assessment: Red List of South African Plants version . Accessed on 2024/12/07 |
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