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Scientific Name | Spatalla caudata (Thunb.) R.Br. |
Higher Classification | Dicotyledons |
Family | PROTEACEAE |
Synonyms | Spatallopsis caudata (Thunb.) E.Phillips, Spatallopsis caudiflora (Salisb. ex Knight) E.Phillips, Spatallopsis ericaefolia (Salisb. ex Knight) E.Phillips |
Common Names | Woolly-hair Spoon (e) |
National Status |
Status and Criteria | Endangered A3c |
Assessment Date | 2019/04/09 |
Assessor(s) | A.G. Rebelo, H. Mtshali & L. von Staden |
Justification | Not declining at present and occurs in large subpopulations in safe mountainous habitats. However, climate-change models project a >50% population reduction by 2025 (Bomhard et al. 2005). Given its highly sensitive seepage habitat, model predictions are being followed as a precaution. Other potential threats include groundwater extraction, wetland drainage and susceptibility to drought-related mortality. |
Distribution |
Endemism | South African endemic |
Provincial distribution | Western Cape |
Range | Cederberg and Hex River Mountains. |
Habitat and Ecology |
Major system | Terrestrial |
Major habitats | North Hex Sandstone Fynbos, Winterhoek Sandstone Fynbos, Cederberg Sandstone Fynbos, Swartruggens Quartzite Fynbos, Kouebokkeveld Alluvium Fynbos |
Description | Sandstone fynbos on deep peaty soils in seeps. Mature individuals are killed by fires, and only seeds survive. Seeds are relased after ripening, and dispersed by ants to their underground nests, where they are protected from predation and fire. It is pollinated by insects. |
Threats |
| Invasive Alien Species (direct effects), Intrinsic Factors, Habitat loss, Pollution (affecting habitat and/or species), Natural disasters, Habitat degradation |
Population |
Population trend | Decreasing |
Assessment History |
Taxon assessed |
Status and Criteria |
Citation/Red List version | | Spatalla caudata (Thunb.) R.Br. | EN A3c | Raimondo et al. (2009) | |
Bibliography |
Goldblatt, P. and Manning, J.C. 2000. Cape Plants: A conspectus of the Cape Flora of South Africa. Strelitzia 9. National Botanical Institute, Cape Town.
Raimondo, D., von Staden, L., Foden, W., Victor, J.E., Helme, N.A., Turner, R.C., Kamundi, D.A. and Manyama, P.A. 2009. Red List of South African Plants. Strelitzia 25. South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria.
Rebelo, T. 2001. Sasol Proteas: A field guide to the proteas of southern Africa. (2nd ed.). Fernwood Press, Vlaeberg, Cape Town.
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Citation |
| Rebelo, A.G., Mtshali, H. & von Staden, L. 2019. Spatalla caudata (Thunb.) R.Br. National Assessment: Red List of South African Plants version 2020.1. Accessed on 2022/05/22 |
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