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Scientific Name | Spatalla ericoides E.Phillips |
Higher Classification | Dicotyledons |
Family | PROTEACEAE |
Common Names | Erica-leaf Spoon (e) |
National Status |
Status and Criteria | Endangered B1ab(iii,v)+2ab(iii,v) |
Assessment Date | 2019/04/10 |
Assessor(s) | A.G. Rebelo, H. Mtshali & L. von Staden |
Justification | EOO 50 km², AOO 37 km², 2500 mature individuals at two to four locations continue to decline due to ongoing habitat loss to protea cultivation. Also threatened by alien plant invasion, and is prone to fire-related population fluctuations. Growing plants and dormant subpopulations are easily overlooked in surveys. |
Distribution |
Endemism | South African endemic |
Provincial distribution | Western Cape |
Range | Western Agulhas coast. |
Habitat and Ecology |
Major system | Terrestrial |
Major habitats | Overberg Sandstone Fynbos, Agulhas Limestone Fynbos, Agulhas Sand Fynbos |
Description | Sand fynbos associated with limestone outcrops, 10-250 m. Mature individuals are killed by fires, and only seeds survive. Seeds are relased after ripening, and dispersed by ants to their underground nests, where they are protected from predation and fire. It is pollinated by insects. |
Threats |
| Invasive Alien Species (direct effects), Intrinsic Factors, Harvesting [gathering], Habitat loss |
Population |
Population trend | Decreasing |
Notes |
| Ecology: A very inconspicuous plant, easily missed, and becoming almost impossible to see in older vegetation as plants senesce and die and become overgrown. |
Assessment History |
Taxon assessed |
Status and Criteria |
Citation/Red List version | | Spatalla ericoides E.Phillips | EN B1ab(iii,v)+2ab(iii,v) | Raimondo et al. (2009) | | Spatalla ericoides E.Phillips | Vulnerable | Hilton-Taylor (1996) | | Spatalla ericoides E.Phillips | Vulnerable | Hall et al. (1980) | |
Bibliography |
Goldblatt, P. and Manning, J.C. 2000. Cape Plants: A conspectus of the Cape Flora of South Africa. Strelitzia 9. National Botanical Institute, Cape Town.
Hall, A.V., De Winter, M., De Winter, B. and Van Oosterhout, S.A.M. 1980. Threatened plants of southern Africa. South African National Scienctific Programmes Report 45. CSIR, Pretoria.
Hilton-Taylor, C. 1996. Red data list of southern African plants. Strelitzia 4. South African National Botanical Institute, Pretoria.
Raimondo, D., von Staden, L., Foden, W., Victor, J.E., Helme, N.A., Turner, R.C., Kamundi, D.A. and Manyama, P.A. 2009. Red List of South African Plants. Strelitzia 25. South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria.
Rebelo, T. 2001. Sasol Proteas: A field guide to the proteas of southern Africa. (2nd ed.). Fernwood Press, Vlaeberg, Cape Town.
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Citation |
| Rebelo, A.G., Mtshali, H. & von Staden, L. 2019. Spatalla ericoides E.Phillips. National Assessment: Red List of South African Plants version 2020.1. Accessed on 2022/05/22 |
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